Z80:Sound Routines - Revision history

KermMartian at 05:45, 5 February 2016

2016-02-05T05:45:54Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:45, 5 February 2016
Line 12:		Line 12:
	; HL is the duration of the note		; HL is the duration of the note
	; BC is the frequency		; BC is the frequency
	xor a		xor a
	__FreqOutLoop1:		__FreqOutLoop1:
	push bc		push bc
	xor %00000011 ;this will toggle the lower two bits (the data being sent to the link port)		xor %00000011 ;this will toggle the lower two bits (the data being sent to the link port)
	ld e,a		ld e,a
	__FreqOutLoop2:		__FreqOutLoop2:
	ld a,h		ld a,h
	or l		or l
	jr z,__FreqOutDone		jr z,__FreqOutDone
	cpd		cpd
	jp pe,__FreqOutLoop2		jp pe,__FreqOutLoop2
	ld a,e		ld a,e
	scf		scf
	__FreqOutDone:		__FreqOutDone:
	pop bc		pop bc
	out (0),a		out (0),a
	jr c,__FreqOutLoop1		jr c,__FreqOutLoop1
	xor b		xor b
	out (0),a ;reset the port, else the user will be really annoyed.		out (0),a ;reset the port, else the user will be really annoyed.
	ret		ret

	An example duration would be 4096 and frequencies can be made to correspond to certain notes. If Duration is shorter than Frequency, nothing is done to the link port. Here is an LUT (Lookup Table) of frequencies that correspond to 96 notes (starting with the lowest, going to highest):		An example duration would be 4096 and frequencies can be made to correspond to certain notes. If Duration is shorter than Frequency, nothing is done to the link port. Here is an LUT (Lookup Table) of frequencies that correspond to 96 notes (starting with the lowest, going to highest):
Line 76:		Line 76:
	; DHL is the duration of the note		; DHL is the duration of the note
	; BC is the frequency		; BC is the frequency
	xor a		xor a
	__FreqOutLoop1:		__FreqOutLoop1:
	push bc		push bc
	xor %00000011		xor %00000011
	ld e,a		ld e,a
	__FreqOutLoop2:		__FreqOutLoop2:
	ld a,h		ld a,h
	or l		or l
	jr nz,$+6		jr nz,$+6
	dec d		dec d
	jp m,__FreqOutDone		jp m,__FreqOutDone

	cpd		cpd
	jp pe,__FreqOutLoop2		jp pe,__FreqOutLoop2
	ld a,e		ld a,e
	scf		scf
	__FreqOutDone:		__FreqOutDone:
	pop bc		pop bc
	out (0),a		out (0),a
	jr c,__FreqOutLoop1		jr c,__FreqOutLoop1
	xor b		xor b
	out (0),a		out (0),a
	ret		ret

	Now that should remove some of the choppiness from the sound for lower notes with longer durations, though the change might not be noticeable.		Now that should remove some of the choppiness from the sound for lower notes with longer durations, though the change might not be noticeable.

	{{lowercase}}		{{lowercase}}
	[[Category:Z80 Assembly]]		[[Category:Z80 Assembly]]
	[[Category:Z80 Heaven]]		[[Category:Z80 Heaven]]

KermMartian: Fixed heading

2016-02-03T21:34:00Z

Fixed heading

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:34, 3 February 2016
Line 5:		Line 5:
	('''Note''' to readers : the first real addition to this page is by Zeda, and I am not very familiar with the finer points of making sound. I only experimented, took pointers from others and eventually used a routine in Axe (after optimising it slightly). Anyways, there are others that are much more versed in this topic!)		('''Note''' to readers : the first real addition to this page is by Zeda, and I am not very familiar with the finer points of making sound. I only experimented, took pointers from others and eventually used a routine in Axe (after optimising it slightly). Anyways, there are others that are much more versed in this topic!)

	= 1-Channel Sound		= 1-Channel Sound =
	=
	The idea behind making sound on the calculators is to toggle a line on the link port at a given frequency. The link port has two lines making 1 and 2 channel sound relatively okay, but there are some who have made 4-channel sound work using clever masking. Here is a very simple routine for 1-channel sound (optimised from Axe) :		The idea behind making sound on the calculators is to toggle a line on the link port at a given frequency. The link port has two lines making 1 and 2 channel sound relatively okay, but there are some who have made 4-channel sound work using clever masking. Here is a very simple routine for 1-channel sound (optimised from Axe) :

KermMartian: Created page with "Sound require headphones to plug in. Since nearly no one has these, generally do not include sound into a game. ONLY use sound if that is the main purpose of the program. Thi..."

2016-02-03T21:33:35Z

Created page with "Sound require headphones to plug in. Since nearly no one has these, generally do not include sound into a game. ONLY use sound if that is the main purpose of the program. Thi..."

New page

Sound require headphones to plug in. Since nearly no one has these, generally do not include sound into a game. ONLY use sound if that is the main purpose of the program.

This page needs more info. Members of this site can edit pages.

('''Note''' to readers : the first real addition to this page is by Zeda, and I am not very familiar with the finer points of making sound. I only experimented, took pointers from others and eventually used a routine in Axe (after optimising it slightly). Anyways, there are others that are much more versed in this topic!)

= 1-Channel Sound
=
The idea behind making sound on the calculators is to toggle a line on the link port at a given frequency. The link port has two lines making 1 and 2 channel sound relatively okay, but there are some who have made 4-channel sound work using clever masking. Here is a very simple routine for 1-channel sound (optimised from Axe) :

p_FreqOut:
;Inputs:
; HL is the duration of the note
; BC is the frequency
xor a
__FreqOutLoop1:
push bc
xor %00000011 ;this will toggle the lower two bits (the data being sent to the link port)
ld e,a
__FreqOutLoop2:
ld a,h
or l
jr z,__FreqOutDone
cpd
jp pe,__FreqOutLoop2
ld a,e
scf
__FreqOutDone:
pop bc
out (0),a
jr c,__FreqOutLoop1
xor b
out (0),a ;reset the port, else the user will be really annoyed.
ret

An example duration would be 4096 and frequencies can be made to correspond to certain notes. If Duration is shorter than Frequency, nothing is done to the link port. Here is an LUT (Lookup Table) of frequencies that correspond to 96 notes (starting with the lowest, going to highest):

FrequencyLUT:
.dw 2100,1990,1870,1770,1670,1580,1490,1400,1320,1250,1180,1110
.dw 1050, 996, 940, 887, 837, 790, 746, 704, 665, 627, 592, 559
.dw 527, 498, 470, 444, 419, 395, 373, 352, 332, 314, 296, 279
.dw 264, 249, 235, 222, 209, 198, 186, 176, 166, 157, 148, 140
.dw 132, 124, 117, 111, 105, 99, 93, 88, 83, 78, 74, 70
.dw 66, 62, 59, 55, 52, 49, 47, 44, 42, 39, 37, 35
.dw 33, 31, 29, 28, 26, 25, 23, 22, 21, 20, 19, 18
.dw 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, 10, 9, 9, 8
.dw 8, 7, 7, 7, 7, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4

So to play a given note A for a duration of D, your routine might look like this:

ld hl,FrequencyLUT
add a,l
ld l,a
jr nc,$+3
inc h
ld c,(hl)
inc hl
ld b,(hl)
;now BC is the frequency for the note
SoundLoop:
push bc
ld hl,4096
call p_FreqOut
pop bc
dec bc
ld a,b
or c
jr nz,SoundLoop
ret

In this case, if input D is 16, the note will last a noticeable amount of time. This method allows you to make the duration up to 4096*256 (and a multiple of 4096), but there is a downside. If we look at the first value of the LUT, 2100, using a duration of 4096 means that the port is toggled only once (we need 2100*2 for the duration in order to toggle twice). The toggling is what creates the sound. If we had used a duration of 16384, the port would be toggled 7 times, but with this method, 16384=4*4096, so we would get it toggled only 4 times. This makes for choppy sound.

That is not to say that the above routine is bad-- it is a great option for playing sound in games where you cannot devote the full processor time to sound and it allows you to extend duration beyond 16 bits. However, if the latter is what is sought, we can use a modified routine to have 24-bit durations:

p_FreqOut:
;Inputs:
; DHL is the duration of the note
; BC is the frequency
xor a
__FreqOutLoop1:
push bc
xor %00000011
ld e,a
__FreqOutLoop2:
ld a,h
or l
jr nz,$+6
dec d
jp m,__FreqOutDone

cpd
jp pe,__FreqOutLoop2
ld a,e
scf
__FreqOutDone:
pop bc
out (0),a
jr c,__FreqOutLoop1
xor b
out (0),a
ret

Now that should remove some of the choppiness from the sound for lower notes with longer durations, though the change might not be noticeable.

{{lowercase}}
[[Category:Z80 Assembly]]
[[Category:Z80 Heaven]]